Sources & bibliography

Saïd Bakari, La chronique swahilie de Saïd Bakari (1898), 1979. Swahili text transcribed and translated by M. Ahmed-Chamanga and N. J. Gueunier.

A chronicle written at the end of the 19th century in Swahili and in Arabic script: one of the few historical accounts written by an author from the archipelago before full colonisation.

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros

Saïd Ahmed Zaki, Chronique d'Anjouan (manuscrit de 1927). published with commentary by Claude Allibert, Études Océan Indien, no. 29, Inalco.

Written by a former cadi of Anjouan, this chronicle brings together the genealogies and the memory of the island's sultans.

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, Islam and the Swahili world, The time of the sultans, The seven ships of Shiraz

Prince Saïd Hussein (Saïd Housseini), Histoire et sociologie de Ngazidja (manuscrit de 1934). introduction, translation and notes by Damir Ben Ali, Études Océan Indien, Inalco.

An account of the kings of Ngazidja and of the arrival of Islam, written by a prince of Grande Comore.

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, Islam and the Swahili world, The time of the sultans, Mtswa Mwindza and the light of Islam, The princesses from the sea, The queen of the Bedja and the seafarers

Anonyme, Chronique de Kilwa (Kitab al-Sulwa), XVIe siècle.

The chronicle of the Swahili city of Kilwa: it tells of the arrival of seven ships from Shiraz, one of which lands at Anjouan (“Hanzuan”).

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, Islam and the Swahili world, The seven ships of Shiraz

Damir Ben Ali, Georges Boulinier et Paul Ottino, Traditions d'une lignée royale des Comores : l'Inya Fwambaya de Ngazidja, 1985. L'Harmattan.

The oral traditions of a great royal lineage of Grande Comore, collected and analysed.

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, The time of the sultans, Great figures, The princesses from the sea, The goat and the cockerel, The queen of the Bedja and the seafarers

Damir Ben Ali et Moinaecha Cheikh, Anthologie de la poésie orale des Comores (XVIe – XXe siècles).

Songs and poems passed on orally, witnesses to history seen from the inside.

Cited in: Mbaé Trambwé, the poet king

Moussa Saïd Ahmed, Guerriers, princes et poètes aux Comores dans la littérature orale. L'Harmattan, Archipel des Comores series.

What oral literature tells us about the wars, the princes and the society of former times.

Cited in: The time of the sultans, The women of Iconi, Mbaé Trambwé, the poet king, The brave men of Ikoni at Tsidjé

Collectivité territoriale de Mayotte, Délégation aux affaires culturelles, Mwalimu Boro. Quelques éléments rapportés par la tradition orale et pouvant contribuer à établir l'histoire du roi Mwalimu Boro. Cahiers des archives orales.

Accounts by the elders of Mtsamboro of the last fani and the arrival of the first Shirazi prince.

Cited in: Mwalimu Boro and the beach of Mtsamboro

Mayotte, Délégation aux affaires culturelles, De Sakuli à Sada. Récits traditionnels recueillis dans le village de Sada, 1998. Éditions du Baobab, Cahiers des archives orales series.

The elders of Sada tell of the origin of the settlement and the name of their village.

Abby Saïd Adinani, Halé Halélé (podcast mensuel), depuis 2022.

The history and legends of Mayotte told from the Cahiers des archives orales; the first episode is devoted to Mwalimu Boro.

Cited in: Mwalimu Boro and the beach of Mtsamboro

Kashkazi (journal comorien), Trois jours de fête pour sceller le pacte avec les djinns, 2007. Kashkazi no. 65, republished by Muzdalifa House.

A report on the trimba of Nyumakele and its origin: the pact negotiated by Waziri with the djinns.

Cited in: Lake Boundouni, the healing water, The Trimba, the man in banana leaves

Masiwa (revue comorienne), Le nkoma, une tradition en voie de disparition.

Ouani's three-yearly festival and the pact between the founding families and the djinns.

Cited in: The pact of Basra

Muzdalifa House (entretien avec le sociologue Salim Djabir), Une histoire de Mwali, 2021.

The history of Mohéli told from the inside: old regions, Fomboni, the fortified refuge of Bandamale.

Cited in: Mwali-Mdjini, the abandoned city, The hidden fortress of Bandamale, Fomboni, the town of seven villages, The sentinels of Djando

Muzdalifa House, Fomboni la ville aux sept villages, 2022.

The old settlements and the seven villages linked to the capital of Mohéli.

Cited in: Fomboni, the town of seven villages

Mohamed Ahmed Bacar Rezida, Mythes et réalités aux Comores : et si nos ancêtres les djinns étaient des lépreux ?, 2025. Masiwa.

A Comorian doctor's hypothesis about leprosy and tales of djinns; it mentions the places where patients were isolated, including the islet of the wenefu on Mohéli.

Cited in: Ouénéfou, the lepers' islet

Mahmoud Ibrahime, État français et colons aux Comores (1912 – 1946), 1997. L'Harmattan, Archipel des Comores series.

A study of the colonial administration, the plantation companies and their effects on Comorian society.

Cited in: The colonial period

Mahmoud Ibrahime, La naissance de l'élite politique comorienne (1945 – 1975). L'Harmattan.

How the leaders who took the archipelago from the post-war period to independence were formed.

Cited in: Towards independence, Great figures

Ali Madi Djoumoi, Léon Humblot, le grand seigneur à la Grande Comore (1887 – 1912). L'Harmattan.

The reign of a naturalist who became resident and great landowner of Grande Comore.

Cited in: The colonial period

Damir Ben Ali, Histoire de la pratique de l'islam aux Comores. the author's online text.

An overview of the practice of Islam in the archipelago by the founder of the CNDRS.

Cited in: Islam and the Swahili world, Mtswa Mwindza and the light of Islam, Public life & institutions, Public life & institutions — Anjouan

Jean Martin, Comores : quatre îles entre pirates et planteurs (2 tomes), 1983 – 1984. L'Harmattan.

Volume 1: Malagasy raids and international rivalries (late 18th century – 1875). Volume 2: the genesis, life and death of the protectorate (1875–1912). The great synthesis on the 19th century.

Cited in: The time of the sultans, Ports of call, merchants and pirates, Slave trade, slavery and raids, The colonial period, Great figures, The Trou du Prophète, The women of Iconi, The brave men of Ikoni at Tsidjé, The hidden fortress of Bandamale, The prince from the Great Island, The child queen of Mwali, The queen's journey to Paris, The last queen of Mwali

Malyn Newitt, The Comoro Islands: Struggle against Dependency in the Indian Ocean, 1984. Westview Press.

A short overview in English, from the origins to the early years of independence.

Cited in: Ports of call, merchants and pirates, Slave trade, slavery and raids, The colonial period, Towards independence, The Comoros since independence, Mayotte: contrasting views

Pierre Vérin, Les Comores, 1994. Karthala.

A general introduction to the archipelago by an archaeologist and historian specialising in the Indian Ocean.

Cited in: First settlers, The ring of the Queen of Sheba, Lake Boundouni, the healing water, Mwali-Mdjini, the abandoned city

Claude Allibert, Mayotte, plaque tournante et microcosme de l'océan Indien occidental : son histoire avant 1841, 1984. Anthropos.

The early history of Mayotte, combining archaeology, chronicles and traditions.

Cited in: First settlers, Islam and the Swahili world, The time of the sultans, Slave trade, slavery and raids, The colonial period, Mjombi, the fifth island, The king's daughter and Lake Dziani, Mwalimu Boro and the beach of Mtsamboro

Iain Walker, Islands in a Cosmopolitan Sea: A History of the Comoros, 2019. Hurst (London); Oxford University Press (New York).

A recent synthesis, from the first settlements to the present day, by an anthropologist who has worked on all four islands since the late 1980s.

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, First settlers, Islam and the Swahili world, The time of the sultans, Ports of call, merchants and pirates, Slave trade, slavery and raids, The colonial period, Towards independence, The Comoros since independence, Mayotte: contrasting views, Great figures, The time of the djinns, The seven ships of Shiraz, The princesses from the sea, The goat and the cockerel, The queen of the Bedja and the seafarers, Public life & institutions — Anjouan

George Roberts, MOLINACO, the Comorian Diaspora, and Decolonisation in East Africa's Indian Ocean, 2021. Journal of African History.

The independence movement born in 1962 among Comorians in East Africa.

Cited in: Towards independence

Muzdalifa House, Djumbe Fatima, Ramanetaka, Makadara, Lambert et Fleuriot, 2019.

The rulers of Mohéli in the 19th century and the Lambert affair, told from the archipelago.

Cited in: The prince from the Great Island, The child queen of Mwali, The queen's journey to Paris

Muzdalifa House, Fomboni fondation et bombardements, 2022.

The birth of Fomboni and its destruction by the French navy during the reign of Djoumbé Fatima.

Cited in: The queen's journey to Paris

Christophe Grosdidier, Djoumbé Fatima, reine de Mohéli, 2004. L'Harmattan.

A historical novel (not a history book) devoted to the queen's life.

Cited in: The child queen of Mwali

Académie des sciences, arts et belles-lettres de Dijon, Décès d'Ursule Salima Machamba, dernière reine de Mohéli devenue bourguignonne.

A commemorative note on Salima Machamba's life in France.

Cited in: The last queen of Mwali

Habari za Comores, Ursule Salima Machamba, dernière reine de Mohéli, 2013.

A portrait of the last queen published by a Comorian news website.

Cited in: The last queen of Mwali

Sultan Chouzour, Le pouvoir de l'honneur. Tradition et contestation en Grande Comore, 1994. L'Harmattan.

An analysis, by a Comorian anthropologist, of the customary system and the grand marriage of Ngazidja.

Cited in: The time of the sultans, The queen of the Bedja and the seafarers, The brave men of Ikoni at Tsidjé, Public life & institutions — Grande Comore

J.-C. Hébert, Fêtes agraires dans l'île d'Anjouan (archipel des Comores), 1960. Journal de la Société des africanistes, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 101–116.

Three agrarian festivals of pre-Islamic origin: the koma in Ouani, the trimba in Nyumakele and the mudandra in Ouzini.

Cited in: Lake Dzialandzé, the water of the spirits, The pact of Basra, The Trimba, the man in banana leaves, Hamampundru, the cave of the silent mother

Abderemane Bourhane, Les rites pré-islamiques à Anjouan. Contribution à une étude culturelle des Comores, 2017. doctoral thesis, Inalco.

A study of the agrarian rites and spirit cults of Anjouan: nkoma, ntrimba, mdandra, sacred eels, ziara.

Cited in: The pact of Basra, The Trimba, the man in banana leaves, Hamampundru, the cave of the silent mother, Mwana Mroni, the sacred eels, Public life & institutions — Anjouan

Sophie Blanchy et Haddad Salim Djabir, Construction et contestation des hiérarchies dans les échanges cérémoniels aux Comores (île de Mohéli), 2021. L'Homme, no. 238, pp. 101–140.

An article by a CNRS anthropologist and a Mohélian sociologist: the mdjaume and mdjawashe halves, matrilineal houses, ceremonial exchanges and Mohéli's founding traditions.

Cited in: The sentinels of Djando, Public life & institutions — Mohéli

Sophie Blanchy, Seul ou tous ensemble ? Dynamique des classes d'âge dans les cités de l'île de Ngazidja (Comores), 2003. L'Homme, nos. 167–168, pp. 153–186.

The system of age groups (hirimu) and its shift towards individual competition.

Cited in: Public life & institutions — Grande Comore

Iain Walker, Les aspects économiques du grand mariage de Ngazidja (Comores), 2002. Autrepart, no. 23, pp. 157–171.

What the grand marriage costs and what it brings, and its role in the hierarchy of towns.

Cited in: Public life & institutions — Grande Comore

Damir Ben Ali et Hassane Mgomri, Le grand mariage et ses implications, 2013.

A Comorian analysis of the grand marriage (anda) and of the status of accomplished man.

Cited in: Public life & institutions — Grande Comore

Henry T. Wright et al., Early Seafarers of the Comoro Islands: the Dembeni Phase of the IXth – Xth Centuries AD, 1984. Azania, no. 19, pp. 13–59.

The founding article on the first villages of the archipelago (Dembéni, Sima…).

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, First settlers, Islam and the Swahili world, Mtswa Mwindza and the light of Islam

Alison Crowther et al., Ancient crops provide first archaeological signature of the westward Austronesian expansion, 2016. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 113, no. 24.

Rice, mung beans and cotton of Asian origin found at Sima (Anjouan), dated to the 8th–10th centuries.

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, First settlers

Nicolas Brucato et al., The Comoros Show the Earliest Austronesian Gene Flow into the Swahili Corridor, 2018. American Journal of Human Genetics, vol. 102, no. 1.

A genetic study: the Comoros are the oldest attested meeting place of African and Austronesian populations on the Swahili coast.

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, First settlers

Direction des affaires culturelles de Mayotte, Mayotte, archéologies : quarante années de recherches. French Ministry of Culture.

A review of the excavations at Dembéni, Bagamoyo, Acoua and the other sites of Mayotte.

Cited in: First settlers, Islam and the Swahili world

La Gazette des Comores, Mwalimdjini, un site archéologique en dégradation continue.

Mohéli's oldest site, in the hills above Djoiezi, and the tradition of the Inya Matswa Mwali lineage.

Cited in: Mwali-Mdjini, the abandoned city

Ahmad Ibn Mâjid, Traités nautiques (fin du XVe siècle), v. 1490.

The great Arab navigator describes the routes of the Indian Ocean; he mentions Anjouan, Domoni and, for the first time, Mayotte.

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, Islam and the Swahili world

Alfred Gevrey, Essai sur les Comores, 1870. Pondicherry, A. Saligny.

A work by a French magistrate who lived in Mayotte for two years: history, traditions and vocabulary. Valuable, but written from the point of view of the colonial administration.

Cited in: Writing the history of the Comoros, Ports of call, merchants and pirates, Slave trade, slavery and raids, The colonial period, The prince from the Great Island, The child queen of Mwali, The queen's journey to Paris

Marie-Françoise Rombi et Mohamed Ahmed-Chamanga, Contes comoriens, 1980. Conseil international de la langue française / Edicef.

Ten tales in a bilingual Comorian–French edition.

Cited in: The fool and the trickster, The beauty who turned down every suitor

Mohamed Ahmed-Chamanga (textes recueillis et traduits par), Rois, femmes et djinns : contes de l'île d'Anjouan, 1988. Centre de recherche Océan Indien (Paris).

Tales from Anjouan collected by one of the leading Comorian linguists.

Cited in: The time of the djinns, Msiru wa Mnambani, the water of the djinns, Lake Dzialandzé, the water of the spirits, The beauty who turned down every suitor

Ahmed Ali Mroimana et Mohamed Ahmed-Chamanga, Contes comoriens de Ngazidja. Au-delà des mers, 1999. L'Harmattan, Archipel des Comores series.

Tales collected in the village of Ndruani (Bambao), in a bilingual edition.

Cited in: Lac Salé and the thirsty stranger, Malé, the village of the djinns, The fool and the trickster, The zimwi and the youngest sister, The fisherman and the monster in the bottle

Noël J. Gueunier, avec le conteur Madjidhoubi Saïd, Contes comoriens en dialecte malgache de l'île de Mayotte (4 volumes), 1990 – 2011. Peeters, then Karthala.

136 tales collected in Mayotte between 1975 and 1983: La Belle ne se marie point (1990), L'Oiseau chagrin (1994), Le Coq du roi (2001), La Quête de la sagesse (2011).

Cited in: The king's daughter and Lake Dziani, Mtsanga Tsoholé, the islet of rice, The stone of Mount Choungui, The beauty who turned down every suitor, The king's cockerel

Salim Hatubou, Contes de ma grand-mère (contes comoriens), 1994. L'Harmattan.

The first book by the storyteller and writer from Hahaya (Grande Comore).

Cited in: The orphan girl, the stepmother and the miraculous tree

Salim Hatubou, Contes et légendes des Comores ou Genèse d'un pays bantu, 2004. reissued as Aux origines du monde : contes et légendes des Comores, Flies France, 2015.

Forty-eight tales and legends about the origin of things, places and customs.

Cited in: Great figures, The time of the djinns, The ring of the Queen of Sheba, Mjombi, the fifth island, Lac Salé and the thirsty stranger, The mosque built in one night, Msiru wa Mnambani, the water of the djinns, Mwarangoma, the invisible drums, Malé, the village of the djinns, The passenger with ox's hooves, The zimwi and the youngest sister, The night companion on the road to Mdé

Salim Hatubou, Sagesses et malices de Madi, l'idiot voyageur, 2004. Albin Michel Jeunesse.

Twenty-five stories of a “fool” wiser than the wise, from island to island.

Cited in: Abunuwas and the sultan's donkey, The pot that gave birth

Saïd Abdallah, Contes des îles de la lune. Contes comoriens, 2000. L'Harmattan.

Tales transcribed and translated by a teacher from Ntsaweni.

Cited in: The pot that gave birth

Saïd Abdallah, Trois ruses d'Ibnasya : contes comoriens. L'Harmattan.

The tricks of Ibnasya, a cunning hero who makes fools of the powerful.

Cited in: Abunuwas and the sultan's donkey, The pot that gave birth, The fisherman and the monster in the bottle

Abdou S. Baco (dir.), Archives départementales de Mayotte, Contes inédits de Mayotte (série : Fables, Légendes, Djinns, Méchanceté…), 2010 –. Departmental Archives of Mayotte.

Tales and legends collected in the villages, recorded and translated by the Departmental Archives. The Légendes volume includes “Bwé la Yézi” (the stone of power) and “L'origine du tremblement de terre” (the origin of earthquakes).

Cited in: Mtsanga Tsoholé, the islet of rice, The stone of Mount Choungui

Marie-Françoise Rombi, Trois pauvres, deux tyrans, deux princesses. Conte mahorais, 1979. Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 19, nos. 73–76, pp. 549–578.

A tale recorded in 1978 in Mtsapéré from the storyteller Darvesh Soihili, published in Shimaore with a translation and an analysis.

Cited in: The king's cockerel, The wooden woman

Collection Pangloss (CNRS – LACITO), Corpus mahorais : contes enregistrés à Mtsapéré en 1978 par Marie-Françoise Rombi. online sound archive with transcriptions.

Original recordings, including “L'homme et sa femme en bois” and “Trois pauvres, deux tyrans, deux princesses”.

Cited in: The wooden woman

Nassur Attoumani, Contes traditionnels de Mayotte : nos ancêtres… les menteurs, 2003. L'Harmattan, La légende des mondes series.

Tales, myths and legends of Mayotte translated, annotated and discussed by the Mahoran writer.

Archimède Saïd Ravoay, 30 contes mahorais. CEMÉA Mayotte.

A collection by a storyteller who leads Mayotte's tales and legends festivals; it includes “Le monstre et le pêcheur”.

Cited in: The fisherman and the monster in the bottle

Élèves de cinquième du collège de Dzoumogné, Rissitoa hale. Sept contes mahorais, 1999. Baobab, Grain d'encre series.

Tales recorded from the village storytellers by secondary-school pupils, then transcribed and illustrated.

Anne Lauricella (ill. Izou), Le Secret de l'oranger, d'après un conte traditionnel recueilli à Mayotte, 2011.

A children's picture book adapted from a Mahoran tale in which a woman appears thanks to a talisman hung on an orange tree.

Cited in: The wooden woman

République française, Loi n° 75-560 du 3 juillet 1975 relative à l'indépendance du territoire des Comores, 1975. Journal officiel (French official gazette).

It provides for the future constitution to be adopted island by island: it was this law that precipitated the unilateral proclamation of independence three days later.

Cited in: Towards independence, The Comoros since independence, Mayotte: contrasting views

Assemblée générale des Nations unies, Résolution 31/4 : Question de l'île comorienne de Mayotte, 1976. 21 October 1976.

Adopted by 102 votes to 1 (France) with 28 abstentions, it declares the 1976 referendums in Mayotte null and void.

Cited in: The Comoros since independence, Mayotte: contrasting views

Sénat (France), Mayotte : un nouveau département confronté à de lourds défis (rapport d'information n° 675), 2012. French Senate.

A parliamentary report; it puts the number of deaths during kwassa-kwassa crossings since 1995 at between 7,000 and 10,000.

Cited in: Mayotte: contrasting views, Public life & institutions — Mayotte

Union des Comores, Constitution de l'Union des Comores, révisée par le référendum du 30 juillet 2018, 2018.

The reference text on the institutions of the Union: president, Assembly, Supreme Court, islands.

Cited in: Public life & institutions, Public life & institutions — Grande Comore

République française, Loi n° 2025-797 du 11 août 2025 de programmation pour la refondation de Mayotte, 2025.

The reconstruction programme after Cyclone Chido and institutional reform (Department-Region).

Cited in: Public life & institutions — Mayotte

CAGF et FORIM, Étude sur la diaspora comorienne en France.

Village associations, remittances and development projects led by the diaspora.

Cited in: Public life & institutions

UNESCO, Réserve de biosphère de Mwali (programme MAB), 2020.

Information sheet on the biosphere reserve covering the island of Mohéli.

Cited in: Public life & institutions — Mohéli

Atlas Obscura, Dos du Dragon – Ivoini, Comoros.

Information sheet on the lava ridge of Ivoini: a formation born of an undated eruption, whose name's origin is unknown.

Cited in: The Dragon's Back

Patrick Bachèlery et al., Structure and Eruptive History of Karthala Volcano, 2016. In Active Volcanoes of the Southwest Indian Ocean, Springer.

The structure of Karthala and the history of its eruptions; the 1977 eruption is described as the most destructive of the historical lava flows.

Cited in: Singani, the mosque the lava spared

Journal of Applied Volcanology, Éruptions historiques du Karthala et leurs effets (tableau 7), 2020. BioMed Central.

The April 1977 eruption: a fissure on the south-west flank, a flow that split over Singani and M'Djoyesi, 4,000 people evacuated, mosques spared, commemoration on 5 April.

Cited in: Singani, the mosque the lava spared

Union des Comores (CNDRS), Site royal et politique de Mbaé Trambwé (liste indicative du patrimoine mondial), 2026. UNESCO.

The palace, Shangani square, the places of deliberation and the royal tombs of Koimbani.

Cited in: Mbaé Trambwé, the poet king

Comité régional olympique et sportif de La Réunion, Historique des Jeux des îles de l'océan Indien. website of the CROS of Réunion.

The editions of the Games since 1979, their host countries and a few highlights, told by the body that came up with the idea.

Cited in: A history of sport in the archipelago, The Indian Ocean Island Games

Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation (RSSSF), Comoros – List of Champions. football statistics archive.

Roll of honour of the Comoros football championship since the 1979–1980 season.

Cited in: A history of sport in the archipelago, Sport island by island

Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation (RSSSF), Jeux des Iles de l'Océan Indien (Indian Ocean Games). football statistics archive.

Results of the Island Games football tournaments since 1979.

Cited in: The Indian Ocean Island Games

Comité international olympique, Atlanta and its Olympic connection: Key facts about the host city of 1996 Olympic Games. olympics.com.

The Comoros are among the nations taking part in the Olympic Games for the first time, in Atlanta in 1996.

Cited in: A history of sport in the archipelago

Olympedia, Feta Ahamada. Olympic athletes database.

The Olympic profile of the Comorian sprinter, who competed in Beijing (2008) and London (2012).

Cited in: Figures & feats

Ville de Mamoudzou, Course de pirogues, 2023. official website of the town of Mamoudzou.

Rules, categories, distances and records of the traditional canoe (laka) race held since 2022.

Cited in: Traditional sports and games

Portail de l'esclavage à La Réunion, Le moring, art guerrier réunionnais, ses origines afro-malgaches. documentary portal.

Places Comorian and Mahoran mrengué among the traditional boxing styles of the Indian Ocean.

Cited in: Traditional sports and games

Mayotte Hebdo, Moringué : mise aux poings, 2018. Mayotte Hebdo, 9 July 2018.

A report on a moringué evening in M'tsapéré: how it unfolds, its rules and the place of the tradition among Mahoran young people.

Cited in: Traditional sports and games

Ouest-France, Coupe de France. Un club de Mayotte jouera les 32es de finale pour la première fois de l'histoire, 2020. Ouest-France, 21 December 2020.

Cited in: A history of sport in the archipelago, Sport island by island

France 24, CAN-2022 : Amir Abdou, l'étincelle de la première Coupe d'Afrique des Comores, 2022. France 24, 7 January 2022.

Cited in: A history of sport in the archipelago, Figures & feats

Al Jazeera, AFCON: Ghana crash out after shock 3-2 loss to Comoros, 2022. Al Jazeera, 19 January 2022.

Cited in: A history of sport in the archipelago

Victor Renouf, « Sur ma première intervention, j'ai mis la tête… » : défenseur, il s'est retrouvé gardien à la CAN, 2025. Ouest-France, 26 December 2025.

Chaker Alhadhur recounts the 2022 round-of-16 match he played in goal.

Cited in: A history of sport in the archipelago, Figures & feats

Stéphanie Trouillard, CAN 2025 : le Mali en huitièmes après un nul laborieux contre les Comores, 2025. France 24, 29 December 2025.

Cited in: A history of sport in the archipelago

Antoine Ripoche, Que deviens-tu, Toifilou Maoulida, le buteur aux 99 bandelettes ?, 2024. Ouest-France, 17 March 2024.

Cited in: Figures & feats

Alexis Duclos, Football : El Fardou Ben Nabouhane raccroche les crampons après un dernier passage en Serbie, 2026. Mayotte la 1ère, 3 May 2026.

Cited in: Figures & feats

franceinfo, Kaïla Issoufi médaillée d'argent aux championnats du monde de judo en -78 kg, troisième médaille pour la France, 2026. franceinfo, 9 October 2026.

Cited in: Figures & feats

Mayotte la 1ère, La mahoraise Kaïla Issoufi devient vice-championne du monde de judo en -78 kg, 2026. Mayotte la 1ère, 9 October 2026.

Cited in: Figures & feats

Mayotte la 1ère, Nathan Kamardine fait rayonner la France à la Coupe du monde de foot fauteuil, 2026. Mayotte la 1ère, 19 October 2026.

Cited in: Figures & feats

L'Express (Maurice), JIOI 2027 : calendrier des compétitions dévoilé, le CIJ satisfait des avancées aux Comores, 2026. L'Express, 15 October 2026.

Cited in: Sport island by island, The Indian Ocean Island Games

Fabrice Floch, Comores : les travaux pour la tenue des Jeux des îles de l'océan Indien 2027 sont très encourageants, 2026. Réunion la 1ère, 15 October 2026.

Cited in: The Indian Ocean Island Games

Benoit Jaëglé, Les prochains Jeux des îles de l'océan Indien aux Comores auront finalement lieu du 10 au 19 août 2027, 2026. Le Journal de Mayotte, 1 September 2026.

Cited in: The Indian Ocean Island Games